Lumbar osteochondrosis is a chronic disease that develops as a result of a degenerative-dystrophic process in the intervertebral disc.The disease is widespread and in most cases affects people aged 25 to 40.
According to back pain data, at least once every other adult in his life is experiencing, while in 95% of cases they are caused by osteochondrosis of the spine.
Patients with a severe course of lumbar osteochondrosis are temporarily recognized with persistent pain and other manifestations.If their condition does not improve within four months, the issue of installation of disability group is resolved.
Lumbar osteochondrosis is a serious medical and social problem, as the disease mainly affects people of the most working age, and in addition, in the absence of treatment, it can cause the formation of hernia of intervertebral discs.
Causes and risk factor
There are factor for the development of lumbar osteochondrosis:
- Abnormalities of the spine structure;
- Lumbalization is a congenital deformity of the spine, which is characterized by the first separation of the vertebrae and its change in the sixth (extra) lumbar;
- Sucralization is a congenital pathology, with a fifth wood vertebral trik, which is fed with the triad;
- Asymmetric location of articular cracks of intervertebral joints;
- Pathological narrowness of spinal canal;
- Reflected spondiogenic pain (somatic and muscle);
- obesity;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- Prolonged contact for vibration;
- Organized physical stress;
- Smoking.
The adverse statements combined with one or more risk factors causes changes in the physiological properties of a fibrous disc, a shock -bodier and provides dynamics of the spinal column.The basis of this process is the subolimization of polycecarides, which leads to loss of moisture with jet nucleus fabric.As a result, the jacket nucleus, and with it, loses their elastic properties.Further mechanical load provokes the fruit of the fibrous ring which has lost elasticity.This incident is called Falav.The cracks appear in the fibrous core, through which pieces of jacket nuclei (prolaps, hernia of intervertebral disc) fall out.
Over time, a long compression of nerve roots that infect some organs of the abdominal cavity leads to a decline in their functioning.
The volatility of the spinal segment is accompanied by adjacent vertebrae, intervertebral joints and concomitant spondyl arthrosis with reactive changes in the body.An important muscle contraction, for example, against the background of physical activity, leads to a change in vertebral bodies and a violation of nerve roots with the development of radicular syndrome.
Osteophytes can be another cause of pain and neurological symptoms with osteochondrosis of lumbar - bone outbreaks on vertebrae processes and bodies that cause royeshold syndrome or compression mylopathy (spinal cord compression).
Disease form
On the basis of which structures are drawn into the pathological process, osteochondrosis of the wood is clinically manifested by the following syndrome:
- Reversal- Lambalia, lumboichchalia, lumbago;Developed against the background of reflex overwoltage of back muscles;
- Compression (spinal, vascular, radicular)- Their development is leading to compression (compression) of spinal cord, blood vessels or nerve roots.Examples are lumbosacral radiculitis, radiculoichemia.
Symptoms of lumbar osteocondrosis
Along with osteochondrosis of the lumbar, symptoms are determined which structures are drawn into the pathological process.
Lumbago is under the influence of hypothermia or physical overvoltage, and sometimes without any clear reason.The pain is suddenly visible and shooting.It intensifies when sneezing, cough, body turns, physical exertion, seat, standing, walking.In the event of lying, the pain is quite weak.Sensitivity and reflexes are preserved, the amount of movements in the lumbar region decreases.
On coordination, they inspect:
- Territory in the lumbar region;
- Pervertebral muscle cramps;
- The lordosis of lordosis, which is combined with scoliosis in many cases.
Stress syndrome of nerve roots with wood is negative.When raising a straight leg, the patients note the increase in pain in the lower back, not their presence in a long lower limb.
Often, with the osteochondrosis of the lumbar, the pain attacks occur once and again, which becomes rapid and longer every time.
With lumbalia, the clinical picture is similar to a long, however, an increase in the intensity of pain occurs within a few days.
In the wood, patients complain of lower back pain, which radiates one or both lower limbs.The pain spreads to the back of the buttocks and the thigh and never reaches the feet.
Vasomotor disorders are characteristic of lumbar -what:
- Changes in skin temperature and color of lower ends;
- A sense of heat or cold;
- Violation of blood supply.
Development of lumbar compression syndrome is clinically manifested by the following symptoms:
- Dermatomic gypelzia;
- Shooting pain;
- Weak or full loss of deep awareness;
- Peripheral passage.
With compression syndrome, pain increases when the body bends, sneezing and coughing.
Diagnosis
The lumbar osteochondrosis is diagnosed based on the clinical picture of the disease, laboratory and musical research methods.
In a blood test against the background of the lumbar osteochondrosis, it can be noted:
- Reduction in calcium concentration;
- Increase in ESR;
- Increasing the level of alkaline phosphate.
In the diagnosis of lumbar osteochondrosis, the radiological examination of the spine is given great importance.
Over time, a long compression of nerve roots that infect some organs of the abdominal cavity leads to a decline in their functioning.
The X -ray facilities that confirm the diagnosis are:
- Changes in the configuration of the affected section;
- Pseudospondylastez (change of related vertebral bodies);
- Deformation of closing plates;
- Intervertebral disk flattened;
- The uneven height of the intervertebral disc (signs of spacer), which is associated with asymmetric muscle tone.
Also in the presence of the signal the lumbar is used in the diagnosis of osteochondrosis:
- Milography, calculation or magnetic refusal tomography - are essential for frequent symptoms, development of neurological deficiency;
- Skintigraphy (study of the accumulation of a bone system of phosphorus, a molten technology -99) -This is a tumor or infectious process, performed in the case of suspicion of a spinal injury.
Differential diagnosis of osteochondrosis of wood is made with the following diseases:
- Spondylolists;
- Dysgormonal spondylopathy;
- Ankiloging spondylitis (ankyloging spondylitis);
- Infectious procedures (inflammation of the disc, spinal osteomyelitis);
- Non -plastic procedures (primary tumors of the spinal or its metastatic lesions);
- Rheumatoid arthritis;
- To distort the osteoarthrosis of the hip joint;
- Refung pain (diseases of internal organs and large blood vessels).
Treatment of lumbar osteochondrosis
With osteochondrosis of wood, they usually follow the following treatment strategy:
- Bed rest for 2-3 days;
- Cursing of the affected section of the spine;
- Strengthening the muscles of the back and abdomen (the construction of sleeping muscle corsets);
- Effects on pathological myofacial and myotonic processes.
Lumbago is under the influence of hypothermia or physical overvoltage, and sometimes without any clear reason.
In most cases, lumbar osteochondrosis is treated with conservative treatment, which includes the following remedies:
- Muscle infiltration with solution of local anesthetics;
- Non -Esteroidal Anti -Inflammatory Drugs;
- Welcome to disencitizing agents;
- Vitamin therapy;
- Welcome to tranquilizers and antidepressants;
- Manual therapy, massage;
- Physiotherapy physical education;
- Acupuncture;
- Posticometric rest.
There are complete signs for surgical treatment of osteochondrosis of wood:
- Spinalor rapid or subcutaneous compression;
- The development of horse tail syndrome is characterized by impaired function of pelvic organs, sensitive and motor disorders.
Medical gymnastics for osteochondrosis of wood
In the complex treatment of lumbar osteochondrosis, an important role is from physiotherapy exercises.Regular classes make it possible to normalize the muscle muscle tone of paravertebral, improve metabolic processes in tissues affected by the pathological process, and moreover, in addition to creating a well -good muscle corset, which can maintain the spine in the correct position, removing the additional static load.
For gymnastics with osteochondrosis of lumbar to bring the greatest effect to follow the following principles:
- Classes regularity;
- Harable increase in intensity of physical exertion;
- Avoiding overwork during the text.
Physical education should be under the leadership of an experienced instructor, who will choose the most effective practice for a particular patient and control the purity of their implementation.
According to back pain data, at least once every other adult in his life is experiencing, while in 95% of cases they are caused by osteochondrosis of the spine.
In addition to classrooms with an instructor, you should perform a complex of gymnastics daily in the morning, including special exercises with osteochondrosis of lumbar.
- Relaxation and contraction of the abdominal muscles.The initial position is standing, the legs are different from the shoulder, are different, the body's hands decrease.Take a smooth breath, relax the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall.While exhaling, attract as much as possible, stressing the muscles of the press.Exercise must be repeated before the appearance of mild fatigue.
- Head movement with spinal bending.The initial position of the knees, resting on the floor from the back, the back is straight.Gradually lift your head and bend in the back.For a few seconds to visit this position, and then easily return to your original position.Repeat at least 10-12 times.
- "Pendulum".The initial position on the back, weapons with the body, the feet are bent on the right angles in the knee and hip joints.Turn the legs from the right and trying to get the floor, on the left side with pendulum -shaped movement.At the same time, the shoulder blades cannot be torn from the floor.
- "boat".The initial position of lying on the stomach, the hands are carried forward.Torn into the back, tearing the upper body and legs from the floor.For 5-6 seconds, return to this position and gradually return to the early position.Perform 10 times.
Possible results and complications
The main complications of the lumbar osteochondrosis are:
- Formation of intervertebral hernia;
- Vegetable Dystonia;
- Spondylolis, spondylolists;
- Osteophytosis;
- Spondilarathrosis;
- Spinal canal's stenosis, leading to the spinal compression and is able to reduce the quality of life and the quality of life.
Over time, a long compression of nerve roots that infect some organs of the abdominal cavity leads to a decline in their functioning.As a result, patients have intestinal dysfunction (constipation, diarrhea, flatulence) and pelvic organs (urination disorders, erectile dysfunction, horrific, infertility).
Forecast
The pain syndrome for the lumbar osteochondrosis proceeds as a commission and exercise.Lumbago lasts for 10–15 days, after which the patient's condition improves, the pain decreases.Also secondary diseases can interfere with a favorable result.Often, with the osteochondrosis of the lumbar, the pain attacks occur once and again, which becomes rapid and longer every time.
In the complex treatment of lumbar osteochondrosis, an important role is from physiotherapy exercises.
Patients with a severe course of lumbar osteochondrosis are temporarily recognized with persistent pain and other manifestations.If their condition does not improve within four months, the issue of installation of disability group is resolved.
Prevention
Prevention of development of osteochondrosis of the spine is the following remedies:
- Smoking refusal;
- Generalization of body weight;
- Improves general physical condition, active lifestyle;
- Avoid stimulating conditions (weightlifting, sharp movements, bends, bending).